Files
ext4recovery/test/nbd_server_v3
2026-04-30 11:04:05 +00:00

341 lines
12 KiB
Python

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
NBD server v3 — newstyle protocol + PERC H710 chunk translation.
Transformations applied on every read:
1. Chunk translation — skips every 5th 64KB chunk (PERC internal metadata)
2. Superblock patch — clears metadata_csum / gdt_csum / has_journal bits
3. GDT reconstruction — synthesizes correct group descriptors for regions
that fall inside metadata chunks
Usage:
python3 nbd_server_v3.py &
nbd-client 127.0.0.1 10809 /dev/nbd0 -N ""
mount -o ro,norecovery -t ext4 /dev/nbd0 /mnt/root
"""
import socket
import struct
import threading
# ── Physical layout ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
DEV = '/dev/md0'
CHUNK_BYTES = 128 * 512 # 64 KB
LV_PHYS_START = 5120000 * 512 # byte 2,621,440,000
VIRT_SIZE = 9365766144 * 512 # from superblock block count
# ── ext4 filesystem parameters ────────────────────────────────────────────────
BSIZE = 4096
BPG = 32768
GDT_ENTRY = 64
NUM_GROUPS = 35728
GDT_START_VIRT = BSIZE
GDT_END_VIRT = BSIZE + NUM_GROUPS * GDT_ENTRY
SB_VIRT_OFFSET = 1024
SB_SIZE = 1024
SB_INCOMPAT_OFF = 96
SB_RO_COMPAT_OFF = 100
SB_CHECKSUM_OFF = 1020
INCOMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL = 0x00000004
RO_COMPAT_METADATA_CSUM = 0x00000400
RO_COMPAT_GDT_CSUM = 0x00000010
_patched_sb = None
_sb_lock = threading.Lock()
# ── NBD newstyle protocol constants ──────────────────────────────────────────
NBDMAGIC = 0x4e42444d41474943 # "NBDMAGIC"
IHAVEOPT = 0x49484156454F5054 # "IHAVEOPT"
REPLYMAGIC = 0x3e889045565a9
NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME = 1
NBD_OPT_ABORT = 2
NBD_OPT_LIST = 3
NBD_OPT_GO = 7
NBD_REP_ACK = 1
NBD_REP_SERVER = 2
NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP = (1 << 31) | 1
NBD_REP_ERR_POLICY = (1 << 31) | 2
NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS = 1 << 0
NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY = 1 << 1
NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH = 1 << 2
NBD_FLAG_FIXED_NEWSTYLE = 1 << 0 # client flag
NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES = 1 << 1 # client flag
NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC = 0x25609513
NBD_REPLY_MAGIC = 0x67446698
NBD_CMD_READ = 0
NBD_CMD_WRITE = 1
NBD_CMD_DISC = 2
NBD_CMD_FLUSH = 3
# ── Chunk translation ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def raw_read(virt_offset, length):
result = bytearray(length)
pos = virt_offset
remaining = length
with open(DEV, 'rb') as f:
while remaining > 0:
group = pos // (5 * CHUNK_BYTES)
in_group = pos % (5 * CHUNK_BYTES)
chunk_idx = in_group // CHUNK_BYTES
intra = in_group % CHUNK_BYTES
seg_len = min(CHUNK_BYTES - intra, remaining)
dst_off = pos - virt_offset
if chunk_idx != 4:
phys = (LV_PHYS_START
+ group * 4 * CHUNK_BYTES
+ chunk_idx * CHUNK_BYTES
+ intra)
f.seek(phys)
data = f.read(seg_len)
result[dst_off:dst_off + len(data)] = data
pos += seg_len
remaining -= seg_len
return bytes(result)
# ── GDT synthesis ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def make_gdt_entry(n):
"""Build 64-byte group descriptor for group n using confirmed pattern."""
gd = bytearray(GDT_ENTRY)
struct.pack_into('<I', gd, 0, 1038 + n) # block_bitmap_lo
struct.pack_into('<I', gd, 4, 1054 + n) # inode_bitmap_lo
struct.pack_into('<I', gd, 8, 1070 + n * 512) # inode_table_lo
# free counts = 0, checksum = 0 (metadata_csum cleared)
return bytes(gd)
def patch_gdt(data, virt_offset, length):
"""Overwrite metadata-chunk zeros within the GDT with synthesized entries."""
pos = virt_offset
remaining = length
while remaining > 0:
in_group = pos % (5 * CHUNK_BYTES)
chunk_idx = in_group // CHUNK_BYTES
intra = in_group % CHUNK_BYTES
seg_len = min(CHUNK_BYTES - intra, remaining)
seg_end = pos + seg_len
if chunk_idx == 4:
# metadata chunk — was zeros; patch if overlaps GDT
ol_start = max(pos, GDT_START_VIRT)
ol_end = min(seg_end, GDT_END_VIRT)
if ol_start < ol_end:
for byte_abs in range(ol_start, ol_end):
gdt_rel = byte_abs - GDT_START_VIRT
grp = gdt_rel // GDT_ENTRY
byte_in = gdt_rel % GDT_ENTRY
if grp < NUM_GROUPS:
dst = byte_abs - virt_offset
entry = make_gdt_entry(grp)
data[dst] = entry[byte_in]
pos += seg_len
remaining -= seg_len
# ── Superblock patch ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def get_patched_sb():
global _patched_sb
with _sb_lock:
if _patched_sb is not None:
return _patched_sb
sb = bytearray(raw_read(SB_VIRT_OFFSET, SB_SIZE))
incompat = struct.unpack_from('<I', sb, SB_INCOMPAT_OFF)[0]
ro_compat = struct.unpack_from('<I', sb, SB_RO_COMPAT_OFF)[0]
incompat &= ~INCOMPAT_HAS_JOURNAL
ro_compat &= ~(RO_COMPAT_METADATA_CSUM | RO_COMPAT_GDT_CSUM)
struct.pack_into('<I', sb, SB_INCOMPAT_OFF, incompat)
struct.pack_into('<I', sb, SB_RO_COMPAT_OFF, ro_compat)
struct.pack_into('<I', sb, SB_CHECKSUM_OFF, 0)
_patched_sb = bytes(sb)
print(f'[sb] patched: incompat=0x{incompat:08x} ro_compat=0x{ro_compat:08x}')
return _patched_sb
# ── Combined read ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def read_virtual(virt_offset, length):
data = bytearray(raw_read(virt_offset, length))
req_end = virt_offset + length
# Patch superblock
sb_s = SB_VIRT_OFFSET
sb_e = SB_VIRT_OFFSET + SB_SIZE
if virt_offset < sb_e and req_end > sb_s:
patched = get_patched_sb()
cs = max(virt_offset, sb_s) - virt_offset
ce = min(req_end, sb_e) - virt_offset
ss = max(virt_offset, sb_s) - sb_s
data[cs:ce] = patched[ss:ss + (ce - cs)]
# Patch GDT (only if request overlaps GDT region)
if virt_offset < GDT_END_VIRT and req_end > GDT_START_VIRT:
patch_gdt(data, virt_offset, length)
return bytes(data)
# ── NBD newstyle protocol ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
def recv_all(conn, n):
buf = b''
while len(buf) < n:
chunk = conn.recv(n - len(buf))
if not chunk:
raise ConnectionError('client disconnected')
buf += chunk
return buf
def send_reply(conn, opt, reply_type, data=b''):
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>QII', REPLYMAGIC, opt, reply_type))
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>I', len(data)))
if data:
conn.sendall(data)
def send_export_info(conn, no_zeroes=False):
"""Send export size + transmission flags."""
flags = NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS | NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY | NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>Q', VIRT_SIZE))
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>H', flags))
if not no_zeroes:
conn.sendall(b'\x00' * 124)
def handle_client(conn, addr):
print(f'[nbd] connect from {addr}')
no_zeroes = False
try:
# ── Fixed newstyle handshake ──────────────────────────────────────────
# S: magic + IHAVEOPT + server flags
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>Q', NBDMAGIC))
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>Q', IHAVEOPT))
server_flags = NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS | (1 << 0) # FIXED_NEWSTYLE
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>H', server_flags))
# C: client flags
client_flags = struct.unpack('>I', recv_all(conn, 4))[0]
no_zeroes = bool(client_flags & NBD_FLAG_C_NO_ZEROES)
# ── Option haggling ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
while True:
opt_hdr = recv_all(conn, 16)
cli_magic, opt, opt_len = struct.unpack('>QII', opt_hdr)
opt_data = recv_all(conn, opt_len) if opt_len else b''
if opt == NBD_OPT_EXPORT_NAME:
# Immediate export — no reply, go straight to transmission
send_export_info(conn, no_zeroes)
break
elif opt == NBD_OPT_GO:
# Parse export name (uint32 len + name + info requests)
name_len = struct.unpack('>I', opt_data[:4])[0]
# Send INFO_EXPORT (type 0)
info = struct.pack('>HQH', 0, VIRT_SIZE,
NBD_FLAG_HAS_FLAGS | NBD_FLAG_READ_ONLY | NBD_FLAG_SEND_FLUSH)
send_reply(conn, opt, NBD_REP_ACK, info)
# After ACK for GO, enter transmission
break
elif opt == NBD_OPT_LIST:
# Advertise one anonymous export
name = b''
send_reply(conn, opt, NBD_REP_SERVER,
struct.pack('>I', len(name)) + name)
send_reply(conn, opt, NBD_REP_ACK)
elif opt == NBD_OPT_ABORT:
send_reply(conn, opt, NBD_REP_ACK)
return
else:
send_reply(conn, opt, NBD_REP_ERR_UNSUP)
print(f'[nbd] {addr} — entering transmission phase')
# ── Transmission phase ────────────────────────────────────────────────
while True:
hdr = recv_all(conn, 28)
magic, flags, cmd, handle, offset, length = \
struct.unpack('>IHHQQI', hdr)
if magic != NBD_REQUEST_MAGIC:
print(f'[nbd] bad request magic 0x{magic:08x}')
return
if cmd == NBD_CMD_READ:
try:
payload = read_virtual(offset, length)
err = 0
except Exception as e:
print(f'[nbd] read err offset={offset} len={length}: {e}')
payload = b'\x00' * length
err = 0
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>IIQ', NBD_REPLY_MAGIC, err, handle))
conn.sendall(payload)
elif cmd in (NBD_CMD_DISC,):
print(f'[nbd] {addr} disconnected')
return
elif cmd == NBD_CMD_FLUSH:
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>IIQ', NBD_REPLY_MAGIC, 0, handle))
else:
# Write or unknown — return EPERM
conn.sendall(struct.pack('>IIQ', NBD_REPLY_MAGIC, 1, handle))
except (ConnectionError, BrokenPipeError, ConnectionResetError):
print(f'[nbd] {addr} dropped')
except Exception as e:
print(f'[nbd] {addr} error: {e}')
finally:
conn.close()
def main():
print('PERC H710 recovery NBD server v3 (newstyle protocol)')
print(f' device : {DEV}')
print(f' lv start : byte {LV_PHYS_START}')
print(f' virtual sz : {VIRT_SIZE // (1024**3):.1f} GB')
print(f' features : chunk-skip + sb-patch + gdt-synth + newstyle')
print()
srv = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
srv.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
srv.bind(('127.0.0.1', 10809))
srv.listen(5)
print('Listening on 127.0.0.1:10809')
print()
print('Connect with:')
print(' nbd-client 127.0.0.1 10809 /dev/nbd0 -N ""')
print(' mount -o ro,norecovery -t ext4 /dev/nbd0 /mnt/root')
print()
while True:
conn, addr = srv.accept()
threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=(conn, addr),
daemon=True).start()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()